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  1. Home
  2. Academy
  3. 2.06 Market participants explained
  • 2.01 Why to invest in cryptocurrencies
  • 2.02 How to start cryptocurrency trading
  • 2.03 Common crypto trading terms
  • 2.04 Understanding market capitalization
  • 2.05 Bid-Ask spread and slippage
  • 2.06 Market participants explained
  • 2.07 Measuring market depth and liquidity
  • 2.08 Three major types of trade orders you need to know
  • 2.09 Fundamental and technical analysis for crypto trading
  • 2.10 Bull markets vs Bear markets
  • 2.11 What is arbitrage trading?
  • 2.12 How to earn cryptocurrencies without trading?
  • 2.13 What is paper trading?
  • 2.14 What are the common cryptocurrency scams?
  • 2.15 How to trade crypto responsibly
Previous lesson

2.06 Market participants explained

There are two market participants: market makers and market takers.

article
Zonda Team
14 January 2022
18 August 2022



In our previous lesson, we came across terms like market makers and market takers. These participants are crucial to understanding cryptocurrency trading and in this lesson, we will take you through an in-depth explanation. 

There are two market participants: market makers and market takers. Think of the crypto market as a supermarket. The market makers are like the store suppliers adding items to the supermarket, and the market takers are buyers of those items. Thus, the market makers and takers have a symbiotic relationship. If you have traded digital assets before, you are a market participant that falls into either of these two categories. 

Contents

  • What is a market maker?
  • What is a market taker?
  • Benefits of market makers and takers

What is a market maker?

Liquidity is an integral factor in crypto-to-crypto exchange or crypto-to-fiat currency exchange. High liquidity means that the crypto market is stable, making it easy and fast to fulfill buy and sell orders. Conversely, low liquidity implies that the market is highly volatile.

A market maker, also known as the liquidity provider, is a trader that sets the limit order. The maker offers a buy/sell price, buying and selling at the best current bid. They have an influence on the current prices as reflected by the market.

Market makers “make the market” by adding liquidity to an order book. 

Order book, maintained by an exchange, collects all offers to buy and sell cryptocurrencies. So a market maker adds liquidity to the order book by putting orders that create liquidity in the market. For instance, a sell order that is higher than the highest buy order or a buy order that is lower in price than the lowest sell order. Since the order to buy or sell is not carried out instantly, this creates liquidity - to put it simply, it becomes easy to buy or sell when conditions are met. 

What is a market taker?

A market taker, or a liquidity taker, places a market order at the set price. Takers remove the liquidity added by market makers by placing market orders. Therefore, they are dependent on a reasonable price to enter or exit a trading position. 

As a market taker, you pay a higher trading fee compared to market makers who contribute to the liquidity of a cryptocurrency asset. Market takers can be either buyers or sellers in the market. For instance, whether you are a trader, an investor, a consumer, or a producer - hedging or earning from price movements categorizes you as a market taker.

Maker Taker Fees

Exchanges charge trading fees whenever you execute a buy or sell order. The amount differs from one platform to another depending upon your order size as well. 

Typically, makers pay less fees as compared to takers as they add liquidity to the exchange. High liquidity attracts users to trade on the exchange platform as trades are executed more easily. For instance, on Zonda exchange makers pay fees between 0.17% to 0.30% while takers have to pay anywhere between 0.25% to 0.43%.

Now that you understand the concept of maker-taker fees, we will study market depth and volatility in our next lesson. 

DISCLAIMER

This material does not constitute investment advice, nor is it an offer or solicitation to purchase any cryptocurrency assets.

This material is for general informational and educational purposes only and, to that extent, makes no warranty as to, nor should it be construed as such, regarding the reliability, accuracy, completeness or correctness of the materials or opinions contained herein.

Certain statements in this educational material may relate to future expectations that are based on our current views and assumptions and involve uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or events to differ from those statements.

BB Trade Estonia OU and its representatives and those working directly or indirectly with BB Trade Estonia OU do not accept any liability arising from this article.

Please note that investing in cryptocurrency assets carries risks in addition to the opportunities described above.

Next lesson

2.07 Measuring market depth and liquidity

2.07 Measuring market depth and liquidity
Previous lesson
16 / 1 / 22
Trading
Investing

3.03 The Dow theory: principles and statements

This lesson helps you understand the principles and statements of Dow’s theory.

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3.03 The Dow theory: principles and statements
16 / 1 / 22
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3.05 Candlestick charts and patterns

This lesson focuses on understanding candlestick charts and patterns.

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3.05 Candlestick charts and patterns
16 / 1 / 22
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Investing

2.05 Bid-Ask spread and slippage

This lesson explains bid-ask spread and slippage.

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2.05 Bid-Ask spread and slippage
16 / 1 / 22
Essentials
Economics
Investing

2.04 Understanding market capitalization

This lesson centers on understanding cryptocurrency market capitalization.

Read more
2.04 Understanding market capitalization
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

3.02 Understanding technical analysis

This lesson helps you understand technical analysis in crypto trading. 

Read more
3.02 Understanding technical analysis
14 / 1 / 22
Trading
Investing

3.01 What is fundamental analysis in crypto?

This lesson walks you through the fundamental analysis of cryptocurrencies. 

Read more
3.01 What is fundamental analysis in crypto?
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

3.04 What are the types of charts? How to read a chart?

This lesson explains how to read a chart and types of charts in technical analysis. 

Read more
3.04 What are the types of charts? How to read a chart?
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

3.10 Indicators in technical analysis

This lesson provides an overview of technical indicators.

Read more
3.10 Indicators in technical analysis
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

3.09 Application of Fibonacci sequence in technical analysis

This lesson explains the importance of Fibonacci retracements in technical analysis.

Read more
3.09 Application of Fibonacci sequence in technical analysis
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

3.06 Understanding support and resistance levels

This lesson helps you understand the support and resistance levels and explains how to find them in the ...

Read more
3.06 Understanding support and resistance levels
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

3.08 Moving averages explained

This lesson explains the basics of moving averages.

Read more
3.08 Moving averages explained
14 / 1 / 22
Essentials
Trading
Investing

2.07 Measuring market depth and liquidity

This lesson explains market depth, market liquidity, and volatility.

Read more
2.07 Measuring market depth and liquidity
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

3.07 What are trend lines and why are they important?

This lesson focuses on trend lines and explains three types of trends in detail.

Read more
3.07 What are trend lines and why are they important?
14 / 1 / 22
Safety
Investing

2.15 How to trade crypto responsibly

This lesson helps you understand the practices to trade crypto responsibly.

Read more
2.15 How to trade crypto responsibly
14 / 1 / 22
Essentials
Trading
Investing

2.08 Three major types of trade orders you need to know

This lesson explains three major types of trade orders and how they work. 

Read more
2.08 Three major types of trade orders you need to know
14 / 1 / 22
Safety
Investing

2.14 What are the common cryptocurrency scams?

This lesson discusses common cryptocurrency scams in detail.

Read more
2.14 What are the common cryptocurrency scams?
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

2.13 What is paper trading?

This lesson covers what paper trading is, why it is a good idea, and possible drawbacks.

Read more
2.13 What is paper trading?
14 / 1 / 22
Essentials
Trading
Investing

2.09 Fundamental and technical analysis for crypto trading

This lesson focuses on explaining how fundamental and technical analysis will help you assess cryptocurrencies.

Read more
2.09 Fundamental and technical analysis for crypto trading
14 / 1 / 22
Trading

2.11 What is arbitrage trading?

This lesson explains what arbitrage is, its types, and the benefits of arbitrage trading.

Read more
2.11 What is arbitrage trading?

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